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A huge breakthrough decades in the making was made just a few months ago, and already scientists are realizing its potential: A measurement of the gap between the quantum energy states of a thorium nucleus has been used to create the very first, rudimentary nuclear clock. By coupling a strontium atomic clock with a crystal containing thorium nuclei, a team of physicists has successfully demonstrated the core technology that will lead us to the first fully realized and developed nuclear clock.

Mensan and futurist Robert Moran's "The American Dreams" examines the shift in the American Dream from historical rags-to-riches stories to modern focuses on self-actualization and personal fulfillment, especially among younger Americans. Robert points up skepticism about the dream's accessibility for marginalized groups, contrasting with immigrant communities' optimism about U.S. opportunities. Ultimately, the American Dream is becoming more pluralistic, as younger generations redefine it to prioritize happiness, freedom, and meaningful connections over material wealth.

At a basic level, cooperation flourishes when the costs to cooperation are low or the benefits large. When cooperation becomes too costly, it disappears — at least in the realm of pure mathematics. Symbiotic relationships between species — like those between pollinators and plants — are more complex, but follow similar patterns. But new modeling adds a wrinkle to that theory, indicating that cooperative behavior between species may break down in situations where, theoretically at least, it should flourish.